From past few years we are using lithium ion batteries as our power source. Even car companies like Tesla is also using same battery technology as smartphones, the limitation of this batteries are low fast charging capacity. If we force these batteries to charge fast, batteries will bulg and may explode in some cases. The great example is samsung note 7's battery, samsung was forced to take back all their phones from market due to battery issues.
But now the time has changed, scientists are working on new type of battery technology using a wonder material called Graphene. Advantages of graphene battery is they are light, durable and suitable for high capacity energy storage. Compared to lithium ion batteries they are thermally stable which makes them safer than lithium ion batteries.
As of now these batteries are not commercially viable because they are too costly to manufacture and to supply, production of graphene is also very low due to some issues to manufacture in large quantities. However graphene batteries are our future and we will be able to charge our phone within minutes.
This video will show you the charging time of a graphene battery
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tech